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Deck stairs and other accessories are essential to plan an outdoor space that you will enjoy, and that will be safe. Stairs may seem simple, but they can become quite complex. Plus, there are regulations to follow for your safety and to avoid fines. Here’s everything you need to know about deck stairs.
What Is the Best Material for Outdoor Stairs?
If you thought choosing a material for a deck was difficult, wait until you have to choose your stairs; in fact, even more material can be used for deck stairs. First, you need to consider your budget, the maintenance you’re willing to do, and the specific features of the stairs. For example, if you use your deck stairs daily as the main entrance to your home, they need to be very sturdy, while a secondary staircase used less often won’t require as much durability.
Outdoor wooden stairs are popular because they are beautiful yet affordable. However, you shouldn’t use just any type of wood. Red cedar is always a good option for outdoor projects, as it’s naturally resistant to rot and insects.
Composite deck stairs are more expensive than ones made of wood but require less maintenance. As with wood, you can use the same colour or texture to ensure continuity in your design.
Concrete and stone stairs are durable but are only suitable in certain situations. For example, if your deck is high, concrete stairs won’t work – you’ll need another option.
Metal is also an interesting choice for stairs. It withstands our winters well and can add a contemporary touch. Metal can be very slippery when wet, so extra caution is needed.
What Are the Standards for Outdoor Stairs in Canada?
There are national standards for stairs in Canada, but there are also additional regulations at provincial and municipal levels. Before starting any projects, it’s important to verify these regulations. In Quebec, as long as the stairs are on your property, you don’t need a specific permit to build them, but you may require a construction permit from your city.
Here are a few things to consider if you build outdoor stairs in Quebec. The standards in other provinces may be similar, but the information should always be verified:
- If there are more than three steps, you must add a railing for your stairs.
- Stair railings must be at least 90 cm high.
- A minimum width of 86 centimetres must be respected for outdoor step height.
- All steps must have a depth between 23.5 cm and 35.5 cm.
Generally, you’ll need to build a landing for the stairs, which can be made of concrete, but other materials can be used unless otherwise specified by local regulations.
How Much Can Stairs Cost?
The cost of outdoor stairs varies significantly depending on several key factors, including the chosen material, the number of steps, the design, and labour.
In general, you can expect to pay anywhere between $100 to $500 per step, with prices increasing based on the specific features of the project. The total cost of an outdoor staircase for a deck can range from $500 for a few simple wooden steps to $10,000 or more for custom-built stairs made with high-end materials.
1. Materials
The material plays a major role in the total cost of the stairs.
- Pressure-treated wood is a classic option, often chosen for its affordability and rustic charm.
- Composite is appreciated for its durability and low maintenance, though it is often more expensive due to its superior weather resistance.
- Concrete is known for its strength and durability and is available in prefabricated or custom-poured versions.
- Metal stairs, especially those made of steel or aluminum, offer a modern aesthetic and are often chosen for their robustness and contemporary style.
2. Design Complexity
The design of the stairs also impacts the cost. Simple, straight steps generally require fewer materials and less installation time, while more elaborate designs, such as spiral staircases or stairs with landings and integrated railings, increase the complexity and, consequently, the cost.
3. Labour
The choice between a DIY (do-it-yourself) installation and hiring a professional has a direct impact on the budget. Hiring a contractor ensures a polished job that meets building codes, but it can add extra costs for labour.
4. Finishes and Accessories
Finishes, such as non-slip coatings for added safety or decorative elements like glass railings or integrated lighting, can significantly influence the final cost.
5. Local Regulations
It is important to check your municipality’s regulations regarding outdoor steps. Some cities have strict rules about step height, the presence of railings, and obtaining permits for new stairs. Permit fees can also add to the total project budget.
How To Maintain Your Outdoor Stairs
Maintaining your steps can extend their lifespan by several years. The type of maintenance depends on the material. Like decks, exterior wood stairs need more care, such as weatherproofing and sealing. Regularly sweep away debris and dust and apply a sealing product about once a year (or less). There are several options for waterproofing your stairs. Ask a specialist to find the best solution for maintaining your stairs.
For any other material, make sure to sweep them regularly to prevent debris from trapping moisture. You can also use a damp cloth with an appropriate cleaning product. In winter, regularly remove the snow and ice to avoid damage.
Inspect your stairs at least a few times a year to identify any cracks, stains, or other issues that should be addressed quickly to avoid more serious problems.
Get the Right Steps
Steps are sometimes overlooked in a deck project, but their design can enhance the overall look of your outdoor space. They must also meet a range of standards. As the deck stair codes vary from one city to another, make sure you have the correct information and the necessary permit before starting any work. As always, working with experts like us is the best way to create the perfect steps for your deck, so don’t hesitate to give us a call.